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http://familia.ucs.inrs.ca/notice/?ID=21325

A Longitudinal Jurisdictional Study of Black Children Reported to Child Protection Services in Quebec, Canada

Boatswain-Kyte, Alicia, Esposito, Tonino, Trocmé, Nico et Boatswain-Kyte, Alicia.

Article 2020

Mots-clés : approche longitudinale (50) communauté noire (4) enfant (3486) maltraitance (419) minorité visible (32) Montréal (819) placement (227) protection de la jeunesse (415)

A Longitudinal Jurisdictional Study of Black Children Reported to Child Protection Services in Quebec, Canada

Référence bibliographique ^[21325]

Boatswain-Kyte, Alicia, Esposito, Tonino, Trocmé, Nico et Boatswain-Kyte, Alicia. 2020. «A Longitudinal Jurisdictional Study of Black Children Reported to Child Protection Services in Quebec, Canada ». Children and Youth Services Review, vol. 116, p. 1-13.

Fiche synthèse

1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«This study seeks to determine the representation of Black children receiving child protection services from a child protection agency in Montreal throughout a 10 year-period.» (p. 4)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
«The study consisted of a secondary analysis based on two different datasets: [a] clinical administrative dataset derived from [a] local child protection agency and [a] census dataset from [2001, 2006 and 2001, (Statistics Canada 2001, 2006 and 2011)]. The clinical administrative dataset included anonymous, longitudinal child protection data from the agency mandated to provide services for Anglophone families residing in Montreal.» (p. 4)

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

«The findings in the current study indicate that Black children served by an Anglophone child protection agency in Montreal were overrepresented when compared to their representation in the general population throughout the 2002–2011 period. Furthermore, given their representation in the general population, Black children were more likely than White children to have their child protection reports screened in by the child protection agency. This disparity progressed and remained consistent across the various service points of substantiation, court, and placement. By comparison, other visible minority children’s child protection service representation was for the most part proportionate with their presence in the general population for this same period. While they faced disparate outcomes compared to White children, this disparity was less pronounced than for Black children and gradually decreased across the various service decision points including case closure and recurrence. Black children were more likely than White children to have their cases closed following on-going services and more likely to have a substantiated maltreatment report a year following case closure. While the population-disparate representation of Black children remained consistent across service decision points, decision-based disparity (DDI) calculations indicate that decision-making within the child protection system regarding substantiation and placement occurred at similar rates for both Black and other visible minority children when compared to White children.» (p. 8-9)

Mots-clés

approche longitudinale (50) communauté noire (4) enfant (3486) maltraitance (419) minorité visible (32) Montréal (819) placement (227) protection de la jeunesse (415)

http://familia.ucs.inrs.ca/notice/?ID=20993

L’inclusion du Black feminism dans la philosophie politique : une approche féministe de la décolonisation des savoirs

Berthelot-Raffard, Agnès.

Article 2018

Mots-clés : communauté noire (4) empowerment (46) féminisme (245) inclusion (32) libéralisme (7) maternité (563) monoparentalité (398) théorie (87)

L’inclusion du Black feminism dans la philosophie politique : une approche féministe de la décolonisation des savoirs

Référence bibliographique ^[20993]

Berthelot-Raffard, Agnès. 2018. «L’inclusion du Black feminism dans la philosophie politique : une approche féministe de la décolonisation des savoirs ». Recherches Féministes, vol. 31, no 2, p. 107-124.

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Fiche synthèse

1. Objectifs

Intentions :
Cet «article porte sur l’inclusion du Black feminism comme philosophie politique. Dans la première partie, [l’auteure situe son] approche théorique et montr[e], à l’aide d’un de ses concepts clés, l’apport du Black feminism aux analyses sur la justice sociale. […] Dans la deuxième partie, [elle] examin[e] les enseignements tirés de la non-inclusion de la pensée féministe noire pour mieux comprendre la construction théorique et théorétique de la philosophie politique contemporaine.» (p. 108)

Questions/Hypothèses :
L’auteure tente de répondre aux questions suivantes: «[q]ue peut-on apprendre, à partir de [l’]omission [du Black feminism] sur les angles morts de la philosophie? Quel diagnostic peut-on poser sur son degré de cécité?» (p. 108)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
Données documentaires diverses

Type de traitement des données :
Réflexion critique

3. Résumé

En revenant «sur l’histoire et les fondements du Black feminism, [l’auteure a] montré que c’est une éthique sociale de l’empowerment dont les concepts permettent d’examiner les rapports de pouvoir au cœur des institutions sociales. En les reprenant, les théories libérales peuvent déconstruire la prétention de certaines institutions à réaliser la justice.» (p. 121) Par exemple, «considérer la “maternité monoparentale” des femmes noires et la généraliser comme le fait Okin, et tant de ses contemporaines, c’est manifestement commettre une injustice herméneutique […]. D’abord, la réitération de cet exemple ne prend pas en considération le système de valeur par lequel les afro-descendantes se définissent elles-mêmes. Okin ignore tout du système de pensée par lequel elles valorisent leur rôle de mère. En ce sens, son ignorance renie l’autodéfinition de ces femmes et donc leur capacité à avoir conscience d’elles-mêmes. (p. 118) «Ensuite, le recours à cet exemple témoigne d’une méconnaissance des normes internes à la maternité des femmes noires, soit le fait que celle-ci est un levier pour résister et s’élever.» (p. 119) En somme, l’inclusion du Black feminism permet à la philosophie une «capacité de compréhension du caractère politique de la vie ordinaire des femmes, […] y compris de celles qui, à un moment de l’histoire, par leur déshumanisation, ont été exclues des normes de la féminité.» (p. 122)

Mots-clés

communauté noire (4) empowerment (46) féminisme (245) inclusion (32) libéralisme (7) maternité (563) monoparentalité (398) théorie (87)

http://familia.ucs.inrs.ca/notice/?ID=19560

Black Students and High School Completion in Quebec and Ontario: A Multivariate Analysis

Livingstone, Anne-Marie et Weinfeld, Morton.

Article 2017

Mots-clés : Canada-Québec (819) communauté noire (4) école secondaire (180) milieu familial (242) racisme (11) réussite scolaire (256) revenu familial (243)

Black Students and High School Completion in Quebec and Ontario: A Multivariate Analysis

Référence bibliographique ^[19560]

Livingstone, Anne-Marie et Weinfeld, Morton. 2017. «Black Students and High School Completion in Quebec and Ontario: A Multivariate Analysis ». Revue canadienne de sociologie / Canadian Review of Sociology, vol. 54, no 2, p. 174-197.

Fiche synthèse

1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«The aim is to explore the factors that explain why some black students graduate on time while others are delayed or dropout. The study compares the rate of high school completion of black students who were 18 to 19 years of age and living at home in 2006 with similar groups of white and other racial minority students. [...] The present paper investigates the implications of racial disparitiesin income and family structure for the high school completion of blackyouth in Quebec and Ontario, because that is where the majority of thesechildren live.» (p. 176)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
«The data for the study are taken from the individuals’ file of the 2006 Census “Public Use Micro-Data File” […].» (p. 181)

Instruments :
Questionnaire

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

«The findings of the study reveal that in the two provinces, household income and family structure both play a significant role in determining whether or not black students and all other students will graduate from high school by the age of 18 to 19 years. The gap in high school completion between black and white students was modest and nonsignificant to begin with in Quebec; when income, family structure, gender, and residence in a CMA [Census Metropolitan Area] were entered into the regression, the numerical difference was erased. In Ontario, the black/white gap was relatively larger and statistically significant in the main effects model, though the addition of the control variables brought the gap close to zero. The single divergence between the two provinces rests in the effect of language, or speaking a “nonofficial language at home,” which was statistically significant in Ontario and not in Quebec.» (p. 191)

Mots-clés

Canada-Québec (819) communauté noire (4) école secondaire (180) milieu familial (242) racisme (11) réussite scolaire (256) revenu familial (243)

http://familia.ucs.inrs.ca/notice/?ID=859

How We See Ourselves: The Beauty Makeup of the Black Canadian Woman

Chato, Susan-Blanche.

Thèse 2010

Mots-clés : communauté noire (4) corps (43) féminité (22) femme (1178) identité (497) représentation (219)

How We See Ourselves: The Beauty Makeup of the Black Canadian Woman

Référence bibliographique ^[859]

Chato, Susan-Blanche. 2010. «How We See Ourselves: The Beauty Makeup of the Black Canadian Woman». Mémoire de maîtrise, Montréal, Université Concordia, Département de sociologie.

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Fiche synthèse

1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«This thesis reviews the historical and contextual nature of beauty amongst women of African descent and the Diasporain the works of Patricia Hill Collins, bell hooks [Gloria Jean Watkins], Malcolm X, W.E.B DuBois and many others on such topics as skin color, hair texture, health, body image and racism.» The author wants to «[…] determine the continuing salience of these issues in the lives of Black women.» (p. iii)

Questions/Hypothèses :
The research question posed by the author is: «What individual social constructs of a ’Black’ identity have been acquired and integrated?» (p. 36)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
The sample of this study is composed of «[…] ten second generation African (Black) Canadians.» (p. iii)

Instruments :
-Questionnaire
-Guide d’entretien

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse de contenu

3. Résumé

«The concept of beauty is a prime value in North American culture yet the feminine beauty ideal has conventionally been associated with the White population, causing a dichotomy of norms between Whites and non-Whites. [...] The qualitative data is rich but the most striking finding is that the women do not express the dichotomy between Black and White aesthetics as strongly as the American and British data would suggest. The intersubjective nature of the Black Canadian female experience highlighted a fragmented awareness of interracial and intraracial discrimination that shaped their self-identity and position in society, additionally their definition of beauty, valuing internal qualities such as intelligence and undervaluing qualities related to physical appearance. The interview data indicated that there was minimal racialization of attitudes on health and body aesthetics, and minimal emphasis on Afrocentric traits. Discussions on phenotypes like hair texture and skin color demonstrated the confusion that exists in rationalizing the use of racialized terminology. The majority of respondents indicated mild concerns over their body based on the Body Shape Questionnaire and healthy self-esteem on the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.» (p. iii) In this research, family is an important dimension in the construction of identity and representation of the beauty.

Mots-clés

communauté noire (4) corps (43) féminité (22) femme (1178) identité (497) représentation (219)

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