Résultats de recherche

1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of the Learning to Become a Family Caregiver program intended for caregivers following the diagnostic disclosure of Alzheimer disease in a relative.» (p. 490)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
111 caregivers that followed the following criteria: «Participants had to be the caregiver (spouse or offspring) self-defined as the one principally responsible (notion of primary caregiver) for a relative 65 years of age or older diagnosed with Alzheimer disease in the past 9 months.» (p. 487)

Instruments :
Questionnaires

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

«The results showed that the EG [experimental group] caregivers presented more indicators of a healthy role transition than did those in the CG [control group]. Indeed, the EG caregivers showed greater confidence in dealing with caregiving situations; claimed to be better prepared for caregiving; and claimed greater self-efficacy in their caregiver role regarding the capacity to obtain respite, to control disturbing thoughts about their caregiver role, and to respond to their relative’s disruptive behaviors. Moreover, these caregivers were able to plan better for their relative’s future care needs, acquired better knowledge of available services, and resorted more frequently to the coping strategies of problem solving and reframing. It is especially encouraging that caregiver gains are maintained 3 months after program completion.» (p. 492)

1. Objectifs

Intentions :
« The purpose of this study, based on Pearlin et al.’s model, was to determine the factors associated with the health of older husband caregivers and with their intention to end home caregiving for their wives. » (p. 3)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
« Of the 411 husbands solicited, 323 took part in the study (a refusal rate of 22%). [...] The mean age of husbands was 73 years (SD = 6.95 years), with 17% over the age of 80 years. The mean age of wives was 72 years (SD = 7.8 years). » (p. 11)

Instruments :
- « The Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI; Bem 1974, 1981), the French short version (20 items) of which was validated by Alain (1987) » (p. 11);
- « A 100-mm visual analog scale (Aitken 1969) » (p. 11);
- « The scale developed by Gendron and Lévesque (1993) » (p. 12)
- « The Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist (Teri et al. 1992) » (p. 12);
- « The three four-item scales developed by Semple (1992) » (p. 13);
- « The Inventory of Socially Supportive Behaviors (Krause 1995; Krause and Markides 1990) (p. 13);
- « The Carers’ Assessment of Managing Index (Nolan, Grant, and Keady 1995) » (p. 14);
- « [M]eans of the scale developed by Bandura (1977) » (p. 14);
- « The Psychological Distress Index, an adapted version of the Psychiatric Symptom Index (Ilfeld 1976) » (p. 14);
- Guide d’entretien standardisé (p. 15).

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

« The results showed subjective stressors to be associated with outcomes. Role overload was linked to psychological distress and to lower self-perceived health, whereas role captivity was associated with psychological distress and the intention to end home caregiving. The likelihood of ceasing home caregiving increased when caregivers reported high relational deprivation. A high percentage of the variance in psychological distress was explained (51%). The quality of prior husband-wife relationships, the frequency of disruptive behaviors, family conflicts, and self-efficacy were associated with this variable. Self-efficacy had a mediating effect between subjective stressors and psychological distress, whereas the number of services received had a moderating effect on the intention to end home caregiving among husbands with high role captivity. This study provides avenues for interventions sensitive to male caregivers. » (pp. 3-4)

1. Objectifs

Intentions :
« The present descriptive study was carried out on a cohort of older husband caregivers of wives with diminishing functional or cognitive autonomy. Its objectives were threefold: (1) to describe the care context from three perspectives, namely, state of health of wife care recipients, husbands’ caregiving tasks, and informal and formal support received by husbands caregivers; (2) to describe the relational aspects of caregiving; and (3) to compare husbands caring for wives with and without memory problems regarding the context and relational aspects of care. » (p. 568)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
« This descriptive multi-site study was carried out in four regions of the Province of Québec (Canada): Montreal, Quebec City, Sherbrooke and Saguenay-Lac St-Jean. » (p. 570)
« In all, 323 husband caregivers took part in the study. [...] Their mean age was 73 years, with 17% over the age of 80. Just under half of husbands had been caring for their spouse for the past five years or more and 36% dedicated from 21 to 24 h a week to the task. » (p. 570)

Instruments :
- Guide d’entretien directif;
- L’échelle « Wife’s State of Health » (Gendron et Lévesque, 1993);
- La version révisée du « Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist » (Teri et al., 1992);
- « An 8-item scale developed by Pearlin et al. (1990) » (p. 571);
- Le « Mini Mental State Examination » (Folstein et al., 1975);
- La version française du « Inventory of Socially Supportive Behaviors » (Krause, 1995; Krause and Markides, 1990);
- « To measure utilization of formal support from services, we developed a checklist covering seven services most often used by caregivers (housekeeping services, day centre/day hospital, respite services, home-delivered meals, support groups, nursing care services and in-home personal care services). » (p. 571);
- L’échelle « Relational Deprivation » (Pearlin et al., 1990);
- L’échelle « Personal Gain » (Pearlin et al., 1990);
- « Three four-item scales » (Semple, 1992).

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

« This study focused on the context and relational aspects that characterize care provided by older husbands to their wives. Concerning the first objective of the study, i.e., to describe the context of care, results underline that the husbands cared for a spouse whose state of health was not seriously deteriorated. In fact, the cared-for wives had little loss of autonomy, rarely displayed depressive behaviours, and even less so disruptive behaviours. Despite this health context, nearly 60% of husbands spent 84 h a week in caregiving and over one-third of the overall sample reported spending from 21 to 24 h a day caregiving. [...] Turning to the second objective of the study, that is, to exploring the relational aspects of caregiving, our results corroborate the relational deprivation between husbands and wives observed in qualitative research and reported by Kaye and Applegate (1990a). Pearlin et al. (1990) qualified this change as particularly salient and placed it at the heart of the relationship between the cared-for person and the caregiver. [...] The third objective of the study was to compare husbands caring for wives with and without memory problems. Husbands spent more hours a week providing care to wives with memory problems, as these cared-for persons require closer supervision and present disruptive behaviours more frequently than persons without memory problems. » (pp. 575-576)