Résultats de recherche

1. Objectifs

Intentions :
The aims of this study were to: «identify typical and atypical developmental trajectories of internalizing symptoms from 1.5 to 12 years using both maternal and teacher assessments; […] model the association between risk factors, assessed when the child was 5 months, and membership on the identified trajectories; and […] test the associations between these trajectories and adolescent self-reported generalized anxiety, depression, and social phobia symptoms.» (p. 703)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
«Data came from the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child-Development (QLSCD), a longitudinal population-based cohort. Participants were selected from the Québec Birth Registry and the initial representative sample comprised 2120 singletons born in Québec, Canada in 1997/1998. […] This study is based on 1431 children [749 girls and 682 boys] with at least 4 mother-reported and 2 teacher-reported assessments of internalizing symptoms.» (p. 703)

Instruments :
Questionnaires

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

L’analyse des données révèle plusieurs incohérences entre les propos des mères et ceux des enseignants. Selon les auteurs, plusieurs facteurs peuvent expliquer ces résultats. «First, [they] assess symptoms according to the behaviors exhibited in different settings. […] Second, differences between mother and teacher assessments may depend on the informants’ characteristics. For example, studies showed that maternal characteristics such as depressive symptoms may influence mothers’ report of child behavior […]. Third, although there is rank stability in mothers’ and teachers’ evaluations, they did not assess children at the same time points but across different developmental periods. [Moreover, low] socioeconomic status, low maternal age at birth, maternal depressive symptoms and maternal overprotection were associated with membership in the Mother & teacher high group. Focusing on the Mother moderate/teacher high group, low maternal age at birth, maternal depression, maternal coercion and low maternal awareness of child qualities tended to be associated with increased risk of membership in this group. […] Exposure to maternal depressive symptoms is a robust risk factor for child and adolescent internalizing symptoms […]. Evidence also suggests that parenting practices, including overprotection, are associated with an increased risk of anxiety and depression symptoms in children […]. These findings underscore the importance of considering the family context.» (p. 707)

1. Objectifs

Intentions :
This article aims to «describe the developmental trajectories of peer victimization from 6 to 17 years of age and [to] identify the early childhood behavior and family characteristics associated with the identified trajectories of peer victimization.» (p. 2)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
«This study is based on the QLSCD [Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development], a population-based birth cohort that tracks the development of 2120 children born in the Canadian province of Quebec in 1997–1998 and followed-up until 2015. […] The person most knowledgeable about the child (the mother in 98% of the cases) provided data about the child, family, and broader social context at 5 months, 1½, 2½, 3½, 4½, and 5 years after birth through home interviews. […] The analytical sample in this study consists of 1760 children followed-up from 5 months to 17 years of age who reported their peer victimization experience at least once between 6 and 17 years: 862 boys (49.0%) and 898 girls (51.0%).» (p. 2)

Instruments :
- Guide d’entretien semi-directif
- Questionnaires

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse de contenu
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

The authors «identified 4 distinct peer victimization trajectories: low, moderate-emerging, childhood-limited, and high-chronic. Although the majority of children reported some level of peer victimization at school entry, all groups except the moderate-emerging group reported declining levels in middle childhood.» (p. 5) Additionally, results «showed that paternal history of antisocial behavior was associated with persistent peer victimization (ie, high-chronic and moderate-emerging trajectories) when controlling for children’s sex, behavior, maternal factors, parenting, socioeconomic disadvantage, and family structure. […] Furthermore, [results] showed that living in a nonintact family was associated with high levels of peer victimization at school entry (ie, high-chronic and childhood-limited trajectories). The father’s antisocial behavior distinguished between children in these 2 trajectories. That is, children who escaped high levels of peer victimization in the first years of primary school (ie, childhood-limited trajectory) had a father with better mental health than those who continued to be highly victimized during adolescence (ie, high-chronic trajectory).» (p. 5) Finally, the authors «found that high externalizing behavior problems during the preschool years were important factors for the development of peer victimization. Children who exhibited the highest levels of externalizing behavior during early childhood endured the highest levels of peer victimization from 6 to 17 years of age.» (p. 7)