Résultats de recherche

1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«[T]he present study [examines] the interactions of parental knowledge with impulsivity and sensation seeking at 15 years in the prediction of substance use outcomes (binge drinking and drug use) at 15 and 17 years.» (p. 97)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
«Participants come from a longitudinal study on the social, psychological and cognitive development of children in Québec, Canada.» (p. 97) «[T]he sample for this study consists of 230 participants (53% girls) with data between 15 […] and 17 years […].» (p. 98)

Instruments :
Questionnaire

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

«The main findings of this study first indicate that parental knowledge and impulsivity in adolescence interact in a diathesis–stress fashion to predict substance use, with adolescents high on impulsivity binge drinking and consuming drugs more frequently than their peers when parental knowledge is low. Second, this study found that parental knowledge and adolescent sensation seeking interacted in a differential susceptibility fashion to predict substance use, but that the more susceptible adolescents to parental knowledge were low in sensation seeking: parental knowledge was negatively associated with substance use when sensation seeking was low, but not when it was high.» (p. 102) «Results also have implications regarding the link between parental knowledge and substance use. Indeed, the association between parental knowledge and substance use was found to decrease over time. In the present study, interactions with parental knowledge were found for both binge drinking and drug use at 15 years, but only for drug use at 17 years. This suggests that parental knowledge may be particularly important in reducing problematic behaviors in adolescents, but only when those behaviors are not normative developmentally. Indeed, by 17 years, the majority of adolescents have had episodes of binge drinking, which may explain the decreased importance of parental knowledge for this behavior.» (p. 103)

1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«[T]he purpose of this study is to examine the interaction between temperament and parenting variables in the prediction of adolescent alcohol use while considering theoretical models that could explain those interactions.» (p. 265)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
«Participants for this study come from a longitudinal study aiming to better understand the social, psychological, and cognitive development of children in Québec. One thousand families from all socioeconomic backgrounds were randomly selected from urban areas in the Québec birth registry in 1996–1997 […].» (p. 267)

Instruments :
Questionnaire

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

«The main findings of this study first indicate that low parental monitoring in adolescence was associated with a higher frequency of alcohol use. Second, we found that not only did child impulsivity and coercive parenting interact to predict adolescent alcohol use but also that this interaction supports the differential susceptibility model. This suggests that, with regard to adolescent alcohol use, early impulsivity may be a keymarker of plasticity, which confers risk under certain conditions and a clear advantage under other conditions.» (p. 270) In conclusion, «results of the present study showed that early temperament and parental practices interact in the prediction of alcohol use. Six-year-old children exposed to coercive parenting had more frequent alcohol use at 15 years when they were also impulsive at 6 years. Of greater significance, children high in impulsivity also had less frequent alcohol use than children low in impulsivity in the absence of coercive parenting, which supported the differential susceptibility model. Results also showed that low parental monitoring at 14 years was associated with a higher frequency of adolescent alcohol use at 15 years but did not interact with age 6 years temperament.» (p. 273)