Résultats de recherche

1. Objectifs

Intentions :
« In the present study, our objective was to investigate the association between parental psychological distress and child internalizing disorders, externalizing disorders, substance use and alcohol consumption. Then, controlling for socioeconomic factors, we sought to determine whether the following three aspects—adolescent selfesteem, parental emotional support, and extrafamilial social support—were associated with these outcomes and whether they mediate the association between parental psychological distress and adolescent psychosocial maladjustment. » (p. 598)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
« This is a cross-sectional survey and the setting include representative sample of Quebec adolescents in 1999. The participants of the study include 13- and 16-year-old children (N = 2,346) in the Social and Health Survey of Quebec Children and Adolescents. » (p. 597)

Instruments:
Questionnaire

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

« Parental psychopathology is associated with increased psychosocial maladjustment in adolescents. We examined, from a psychosocial perspective, the association between parental psychological distress and psychosocial maladjustment in adolescents and assessed the mediating role of psychosocial covariates. […] The main outcome measures are internalizing disorders, externalizing disorders, substance use, and alcohol consumption. For statistical analysis, we used structural equation modeling to test for mediation. Internalizing and externalizing disorders were significantly associated with parental psychological distress, but not substance use or alcohol consumption. The higher the parental distress, the higher the risk of adolescent mental health disorders. The association between parental psychological distress and internalizing disorders was mediated by adolescent self-esteem, parental emotional support and extrafamilial social support. As for externalizing disorders, these variables only had an independent effect. In conclusion, a family’s well being is a necessary condition for psychosocial adjustment in adolescence. Beyond the psychiatric approach, psychosocial considerations need to be taken into consideration to prevent negative mental health outcomes in children living in homes with distressed parents. » (p. 597)

1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«[T]he objective of our study was to determine whether food assistance in high schools had a moderating effect on the association between food insecurity and scholastic difficulties for adolescents.» (p. 1175)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
«This study used data from the Social and Health Survey of Quebec Children and Adolescents, which was conducted in 1999 by the Quebec Statistics Institute. […] The present study focused on the adolescent population and included 2346 students 13 or 16 years of age (and 1983 of their parents), from 52 and 61 schools, respectively.» (p. 1175)

Instruments :
Questionnaires

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

«Our study corroborates the association between poverty and household food insecurity in a school population survey in Quebec. It also substantiates the association between food insecurity and poor academic achievement for adolescents. Food insecurity can constitute a pathway between poverty and scholastic performance. As neurodevelopmental outcomes in children, cognitive efficiency and academic achievement are considered criteria of developmental health and are likely to reflect social health inequalities in children. Because academic achievement is one of the cornerstones for escaping from the heritage of poverty, the effect of social disparities in such achievement could be the intergenerational transmission of poverty and, as a result, social inequalities and consequently social health inequalities. Indeed, parental education levels lead to social inequalities in economic resources, which are associated with poor family health outcomes. In the present study, the lower the parental (or maternal) level of education was, the higher the risk of low household income or of food insecurity was. According to the material perspective, material deprivation leads to detrimental outcomes in terms of food security, education, and leisure spending, all of which contribute to children’s well-being. Therefore, socioeconomic disadvantages compromise children’s life trajectories and, later, young adults’ psychosocial adjustment. Moreover, the intergenerational transmission of poverty has unfavorable effects on health, both objective and subjective, because of unhealthy lifestyle factors, unequal access to and quality of health care, and a more-stressful psychosocial environment.» (p. 1178-1179)

1. Objectifs

Intentions :
« Recent changes in family structure are associated with an increase in psychosocial maladjustment in adolescents. We examined, from a public health intervention perspective, the association between family breakup and psychosocial maladjustment in adolescents and assessed the mediating role of family-functioning variables. » (p. 984)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
« We analyzed data from the Social and Health Survey of Children and Adolescents in Quebec, Montreal, Canada, which was conducted in 1999. » (p. 984)

Instruments :
Questionnaire

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

« All 4 of the indicators of psychosocial maladjustment were significantly associated with family breakup. The association between family breakups and internalizing disorders was mediated by parental psychological distress and low paternal emotional support. Independently, the witnessing of interparental violence was also strongly associated with internalizing disorders. For the other 3 outcomes, that is, externalizing disorders, substance abuse, and alcohol consumption, family breakup and family-functioning variables had independent effects. Family-based interventions and social approaches are complementary support modalities for adolescents experiencing family disruptions. » (p. 1)