1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«The Urban Poverty Project offers a detailed portrait of the poor in urban Canada. This particular analysis answers questions about the dimensions and characteristics of the income of poor households, based on 2000 data.» (p.3)

Questions/Hypothèses :
«[W]hat is the average income of a poor individual or family? Where does the household income originate? How far below the Low Income Cut-off (LICO) is the income of an average poor family? [...] If households received only market earnings (wages, investments, private pensions), how many would have fallen below Statistics Canada’s LICO?» (p.3) «Do most poor families and individuals live on incomes far below the poverty line, or do they live on incomes that are close to this benchmark?» (p.4)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
Données fournies par le recensement canadien de 2001.

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

«The first section explores household income in large urban areas in detail. It examines the average income of poor households within and across urban areas and compares them with the average incomes of all households. We also present data on the source of income. As discussed in other reports in this series, poor households have less employment and, consequently, fewer earnings than do other households. As a result, poor households tend to rely to a greater extent on government transfers. [...] Next, we examine “market poverty” and, in particular, present estimates of the number of families who were poor based on their 2000 market income, before public transfers and program benefits were taken in account. [...] In the fourth section, we offer data on household income deficiencies in relation to the LICO – the average poverty gap and average market gap.» (p.3) Amoung the large canadian cities examinated, 10 are located in the province of Quebec : Gatineau, Laval, Chicoutimi, Jonquière, Hull, Sherbrooke, Longueuil, Trois-Rivières, Québec and Montréal. Seven of these «[...] had rates of market poverty above the average.» (p.20) «On the other hand, cities with some of the highest poverty rates experienced relatively low poverty gaps, such as Québec and Montréal. Indeed, several cities in the province of Quebec are among those with the smallest poverty gaps.» (p.22)