1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«Our objectives in this study were to investigate whether the prevalence and co-occurrence of 13 well-established risk factors for cigarette smoking initiation (i.e., taking a first puff on a cigarette) differ by SES and whether SES interacts with any of these risk factors to increase the risk. We examined two SES indicators: maternal education and the SES of the neighborhood in which the participant was living.» (p. 126)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
Le sous-échantillon utilisé est composé de 1451 enfants provenant de la région de Montréal. «Data were drawn from the prospective ‘‘AdoQuest I’’ Study (2005–2011) of 1801 5th grade students age 10–11 years at inception, which investigated the co-occurrence of health-compromising behaviors in children […].» (p. 126)

Instruments :
Questionnaires

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

«Three noteworthy observations emerged in this analysis. First, compared to their moderate and high SES peers, relatively more low SES children were exposed to risk factors for smoking initiation, and to co-occurrence of these risk factors. […] Not surprisingly, these data suggest that smoking-related risk clusters in families, such that if a parent smokes there is a lower likelihood of a smoking ban at home and in the family car. This co-occurrence could set the stage for initiation by fostering a ‘‘just too tempting to be resisted’’ environment. For example, a child watching a parent enjoy a cigarette with a cup of coffee, in conjunction with no home smoking ban and easily available cigarettes, could represent an enticement that is too difficult to withstand. […] Second, [all] 13 risk factors investigated were associated with cigarette smoking initiation, suggesting that smoking onset can only be explained from a multifactorial, multi-level socio-ecologic standpoint […]. Third, our data do not provide compelling evidence that risk factors for smoking initiation are more potent or that children are more vulnerable to these risk factors in low SES environments.» (p. 134) Overall, if «not addressed, social disparities in smoking will disproportionately increase the burden of smoking in low SES groups. Relative to advantaged children, more children living in low SES contexts are exposed to well-established risk factors for cigarette smoking initiation.» (p. 135)