1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«This literature review [focuses] on CSA [child sexual abuse] disclosures in children, youth, and adults from childhood and into adulthood—over the life course.» (p. 261) More specifically, this research takes into account facilitators and barriers to child sexual abuse (CSA) disclosures like family dynamics.

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
Le corpus utilisé est composé de 33 études publiées depuis 2000. Les autrices ont sondé les bases de données suivantes: PsycInfo, PsyARTICLE, Educational Resources Information Center, Canadian Research Index, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, Published International Literature on Traumatic Stress, Sociological Abstracts, Social Service Abstracts, et Applied Social Science Index and Abstracts.

Type de traitement des données :
Réflexion critique

3. Résumé

«[T]his review identified five distinct themes regarding CSA disclosure: [D]isclosure is best viewed as an iterative, interactive process rather than a discrete event done within a relational context; [c]ontemporary models reflect a social–ecological, person-in-environment framework for understanding the complex interplay of individual, familial, contextual, and cultural factors involved in CSA disclosure; [a]ge and gender are significant disclosure factors; [t]here is a lack of a life-course perspective; and [b]arriers to disclosure continue to outweigh facilitators.» (p. 280) «In terms of interpersonal and environmental factors, family dynamics can play a part in deterring disclosure. [F]amilies characterized by rigidly defined gender roles, patriarchal attitudes that perpetuate power imbalances between men and women, parents and children, presence of other forms of child abuse and/or domestic violence, chaotic family structure, dysfunctional communication, and social isolation have been found to suppress disclosure […]. In regard to broader environmental factors, disclosure can be hindered when involved and supportive community members are not available, or not trained in sensitive responses, or when child victims anticipate not being believed by neighbors and other people outside the family […].» (p. 279)