1. Objectifs

Intentions :
The authors «investigated the association between maternal substance use and risk of childhood cancer within 0–5 years of age in a large cohort of newborns.» (p. 134)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
The authors used «data from the Maintenance and Use of Data for the Study of Hospital Clientele registry, which contains all children born in Quebec, Canada, from 2006 to 2016 (N=785,438).» (p. 134)

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

«In this population-based cohort study of 785,438 children with over 3.5 million years of follow-up, [the authors] found some association between maternal substance use and risk of certain childhood cancers. While associations were imprecise due to small case numbers, […] data nonetheless point to elevated risks of hematopoietic cancer, neuroblastoma, and fibrosarcoma for children exposed to maternal illicit drug and tobacco use. The association with fibrosarcoma is particularly novel, as little is known about risk factors for this type of cancer […]. Children exposed to tobacco also had an elevated risk of renal tumors. [R]esults generally align with cohort studies that prospectively collected information on maternal substance use. [The authors] found an increased risk of acute myeloid leukemia in tobacco-exposed children […]. The study moreover found a lower risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia similar to our nearly null association. […] In [the] data, illicit drugs and tobacco were not associated with central nervous system tumors; however, [the] sample size was smaller. Nonetheless, […] results resemble findings of recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses.» (p. 136)