1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«This chapter pursues a threefold objective: Characterize the educational pathways of first- and second-generation students with an emphasis on the differences observed 1) with regards to students of the third generation and more – that is, students who were born in Canada and whose parents were also both born in Canada- and 2) among subgroups by region of origin. Evaluate the influence of student characteristics on the graduation of first and second generations and compare that with the corresponding influence on the graduation of the third generation and more. Contrast the results obtained in the course of pursuing these two objectives with theoretical considerations and empirical evidence available in the existing literature.» (p. 90)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
Le chapitre est basé sur les données annuelles compilées par le ministère de l’Éducation du Québec. En tout, 24 099 élèves immigrants de première, deuxième ou troisième génération forment l’échantillon.

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

Authors note that «[g]lobaly, first- and second generation students have a lower graduation rate than students of the third generation or more, mostly because their characteristics are comparatively less favourable, but also in part because […] they may leave Quebec soon after entering secondary school or continue their schooling in adult education way into their early twenties. In particular, owing to circumstances linked to the immigration of their parents to Quebec, they tend to enter secondary school at a later age. [Secondly], the graduation of first and second-generation students is far from being uniform across the seven regional subgroups […] of recent immigration. Globally, four of them, led by Asia, have higher rate than the third generation and more. […] Since the social capital of families is one of the main predictors of school success, regardless of immigrant background, it is likely that [our findings are] linked to the selective nature of Quebec and Canadian immigration policies. […] As suggested by [some of our findings], however, these programmes and policies may have not been equally effective for all communities. It could be that they did not adequately take into account the additional disadvantage in some communities of belonging to a low family socioeconomic status.» (p. 104-105)