1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«This study aims to increase the utility of the HFIAS [Household Food Insecurity Access Scale] in measuring food insecurity among pregnant women in Nunavik by understanding its content and construct validity in this population. A second objective of this study is to improve the accuracy with which we can identify pregnant Inuit women most in need of food security interventions using statistical modeling of HFIAS items. Finally, the current study attempts to construct a culturally-sensitive, empirically- based scoring system to assist with future research.» (p. 3)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
«This study utilized baseline data from a longitudinal study examining the effectiveness of the Arctic Char Distribution Project (AC/DP); a culturally sensitive food security intervention for pregnant women in Nunavik. The AC/DP was conducted in collaboration with the Nunavik Regional Board of Health and Social Services between September 2013 and April 2014 […]. A total of 130 pregnant women living in Nunavik participated in the study.» (p. 3)

Instruments :
Questionnaire

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

«The HFIAS demonstrated unidimensionality and promising construct validity in this sample. However, the modified model without two items outperformed the original model. The House Empty item was designed to measure severe food insecurity, yet appears to capture mild to moderate food insecurity in this sample. This may be due to cultural factors regarding food sharing between households in Nunavik. Individuals who do not have food in their houses can often access food from a friend or family member’s house. As such, this item does not necessarily tap into a severe lack of access to food in this sample. The demographic variables most strongly associated with food security were age, having more than two fishers in the household, and having more than two hunters in the household. This substantiates the findings from other studies among Canadian Inuit populations suggesting that hunting and fishing, as means of providing families with country food and/or with supplementary income, are strong determinants of food security. […] One unique finding was women who were married or in a domestic partnership were more food insecure than single women.» (p. 9)