1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«The aim of the present study was to examine possible differences in the determinants of breastfeeding initiation using two birth cohorts from developed countries in Canada (Québec) and France.» (p. 3)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
«Mothers were drawn from two separate cohorts; the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (QLSCD; Quebec) and the Étude des Déterminants pre- et postnatals précoces du développement et de la santé de l’ENfant (EDEN; France). The Quebec cohort originally included 2,223 mothers selected from the Quebec Birth Registry, who gave birth to singletons between 1997 and 1998. [In the end, for the sample in Quebec], 2,144 mothers who were included in the final analyses. […] For the France cohort, 2,002 pregnant women who were 18 years or older and less than 24 weeks of gestation, were initially recruited from two university hospitals in France (Nancy and Poitiers) between 2003 and 2006. [In the end, in France], only 1,797 women were included.» (p. 3-4)

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

«Similarities of breastfeeding determinants were observed across both cohorts. At the individual level, maternal education, maternal country of birth and maternal smoking status during pregnancy were all significant determinants of breastfeeding initiation. That is, higher levels of education, being of immigrant status and not smoking during pregnancy increased the odds of breastfeeding initiation with the cohort infant. […] Whereas mothers in the Quebec cohort with ‘some university’ were approximately half as likely to initiate breastfeeding as compared to mothers with a ’university degree’, this difference was not significant for mothers in France. […] Our results also highlight differences between cohorts. At the maternal level, a positive linear trend of age was found for Quebec mothers. While age was not statistically significant for mothers in France, the comparison between cohorts revealed differing patterns of effect. Younger mothers in France (i.e., < 29 years) were more likely to breastfeed compared to Quebec mothers of the same age. […] At the family level, significant differences were found for first child status such that having no previous children increased the odds of breastfeeding initiation for Quebec mothers but not for mothers in France. […] Finally, delivering by caesarean section significantly decreased the odds of initiating breastfeeding with the cohort infant for Quebec mothers only.» (p. 7-9)