1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«The aim of this study was to compare alcohol indicators collected concurrently during pregnancy with those obtained retrospectively after delivery in a sample of Canadian Inuit women in order to determine which provides the most reliable information regarding alcohol-use trends and possible harmful effects of alcohol on subsequent development of children.» (p. 74)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
«Between 1995 and 2000, pregnant Inuit women were invited to participate in a prospective mother-child cohort conducted in Northern Quebec, Nunavik, Canada (Nunavik Child Development Study - NCDS). […] Maternal interviews were conducted at the nursing station in mid-pregnancy and at 1-month postpartum […]. The 1-month postpartum interview was used to collect data on alcohol use during the latter part of the pregnancy. […] The final sample for the current analyses is comprised of 67 biological mothers for whom we had both prospective and retrospective alcohol data.» (p. 74)

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

«Our findings indicate that the rates of alcohol use and binge drinking during pregnancy are about twice as high when Inuit women are interviewed prospectively during pregnancy, as compared to when they are interviewed retrospectively several years after the birth of their child. Older women also report more frequent alcohol use prospectively than younger ones. The retrospective measure of frequency of binges was only slightly higher, but no differences were observed between interviews for the quantity and frequency measures of alcohol use. Reports of higher pregnancy drinking levels when Inuit women are interviewed while pregnant rather than many years after delivery are not consistent with results from studies conducted among non-Indigenous populations. […] By contrast, the frequency of binges reported by the mothers was somewhat higher during the retrospective interviews. […] Finally, among women who reported alcohol use during the prospective interview, we observed a higher proportion of drinkers among older women. A stressful familial and social environment may be a source of women’s heavy drinking […]. Moreover, older women have more familial and professional responsibilities, which may negatively influence their drinking pattern.» (p. 76)