1. Objectifs

Intentions :
L’auteure aborde le phénomène des enfants de la rue en Égypte. Plus particulièrement, sa thèse «tente de repérer les facteurs causant la faible réceptivité des filles de rues aux programmes des ONG [organisations non gouvernementales] et limitant l’effectivité de l’approche de sauvetage.» (p. iii)

Questions/Hypothèses :
«Aside from the negative image of street girls, the recent official crackdown and donors’ reticence, what caused the efforts of NGOs with street girls during the past 30 years to be a failure? Why were they effective in pulling some street girls from the street and less effective in attaining the same goal with other girls? The main question of the current research is: when, with whom, and in what specific context, can street girls’ rehabilitation programs become a success, and why?» (p. 9)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
L’échantillon est composé de 30 filles de rues vivant en Égypte.

Instruments :
Guide d’entretien semi-directif
Grille d’observation

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse de contenu
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

En ce qui a trait au lien entre les filles de rue égyptiennes et leur famille, l’auteure l’aborde sous trois angles: le statut socioéconomique de la famille, les antécédents criminels familiaux, et l’impact de la situation familiale sur le désir des filles de rue de collaborer avec les ONG en Égypte. Concerning the family’s economic and criminal background, she writes that «[a]lmost all the girls […] belong to underserved communities, with 93 % and 7 % of them coming from poor and lower middle class families, respectively. None of the girls […] belongs to an upper class family» (p. 49) and that «27% of the girls […] have families with criminal records. The two crimes for which a family member was most often convicted were drug trafficking (six cases) and managing prostitution networks (three cases). […] For most of the girls in question, the family’s criminal record was too shameful to mention it […] during the interview.» (p. 52) Lastly, the author notes the main reasons the girls mentionned for being in the streets: being neglected by family, intrafamilial physical abuse, intrafamilial sexual exploitation (incest, rape, forced marriage, forced prostitution), family rejection, forced labor, non-conformism to social norms.