1. Objectifs

Intentions :
Le but de cet article est de comparer les politiques publiques, des différentes provinces canadiennes, sur la filiation dans des cas de reproduction assistée.

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
L’auteur utilise les textes de lois et des documents gouvernementaux traitant des politiques de filiation pour toutes les provinces canadiennes.

Type de traitement des données :
Réflexion critique

3. Résumé

According to the author, this study «demonstrates that most provinces do have some sort of legislation in place regarding parentage. New Brunswick remains the only province without any legislation for assisted conception or surrogacy. Moreover, legislation in certain provinces—particularly in Alberta, Quebec, British Columbia, and soon Manitoba—provides clarity for surrogates and intended parents. Legal clarity does not always mean permissiveness, however: Quebec’s legal clarity restricts parentage transfer by declaring surrogacy arrangements null and void. […] Second, courts have played a prominent role in shaping parentage policy. In Alberta, British Columbia, and Ontario (in part), challenges to parentage provisions provided the impetus for legislative reform. In Saskatchewan, New Brunswick, and Ontario (again in part), they serve as the status quo in the absence of subsequent legislative reform. […] Third, and relatedly, parentage policy change in the last decade has reflected a movement away from restrictive policy, regardless of which policy implementer has made those changes. [Finally,] parentage policy in Canada is a patchwork, with provinces “scoring” anywhere between one to eight on a ten-point permissiveness scale. There is considerable variation between provinces with respect to the legal status of children born through ARTs [assisted reproductive technologies], and there have been limited intergovernmental attempts to harmonize policy.» (p. 19-21)