1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«The main goals of the present research are to 1) examine the socio-emotional skill of emotional awareness, to determine whether it is associated with the frequency of positive and negative social interactions in male and female retirees; 2) to assess for a ’negativity effect’ in early retirement; and 3) to test whether perceptions of quality of support partially mediate the impact of positive and negative interactions on well-being in retirees.» (p. 21)

Questions/Hypothèses :
«Two studies were employed to test three main hypotheses: 1) emotional awareness is a socioemotional skill employed by retirees to maintain consistency in the frequency of positive and negative interactions; 2) negative interactions will have a stronger impact on wellbeing
in retirement than positive interactions (i.e., a ’negativity effect’), and 3) the impact of positive and negative interactions will be partially mediated by perceived satisfaction with support.» (p. iii)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
«Four hundred and forty-seven retirees were recruited through a large provincial corporation, from retirees’ associations, or from advertisements in French and English community newspapers to participate in a study on the transition to retirement.» (p. 27) «The [second] study examined longitudinal data for those retired 2 years or less at wave 1 (N=327). Of the 327 retirees who participated at time 1, 285 (87%) also participated in wave 2 of the study.» (p. 55)

Instruments :
Questionnaires

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

«In study 1, cross-sectional results indicated that emotional awareness facilitated positive, but did not mitigate negative interactions. Negative interactions had more potent effects on well-being than both positive interactions and perceived satisfaction with support, suggesting a strong ’negativity effect’. Also perceived satisfaction partially mediated the impact of positive and negative interactions on well-being. Study 2 assessed the aforementioned relationships longitudinally. Emotional awareness facilitated positive interactions in early retirement, leading to improved satisfaction with support and well-being longitudinally. Negative interactions exerted more potent effects on well-being than positive support, suggesting a strong ‘negativity effect’ in retirement longitudinally. Perceived satisfaction with support did not mediate the relationships between positive and negative support and well-being longitudinally.» (p. iii-iv) Dans les deux études, le statut marital est évalué en lien avec la qualité des relations sociales ainsi qu’avec la satisfaction face à la retraite, mais aucun résultat ne permet de conclure qu’il y a un lien entre ces variables.