1. Objectifs

Intentions :
«Our objectives are: (1) to examine the distribution of contextual risk factors for AD [antenatal depression] according to immigrant status and the length of stay in Canada; (2) to assess the association between these risk factors and AD for Canadian-born and immigrant women; (3) to compare the vulnerability of Canadian-born and immigrant women to risk factors in relation to AD.» (p. 1640)

Questions/Hypothèses :
The authors «[...] argue that immigrant women are both more exposed and more vulnerable to contextual risk factors for AD than their Canadian-born counterparts.» (p. 1640)

2. Méthode

Échantillon/Matériau :
«Data were obtained from the original study investigating the role of socioeconomic disparities in prematurity in a prospective cohort of pregnant women in Montreal. [...] Cross-sectional analysis was performed on the final sample for whom the outcome measure was available, consisting of 5,162 pregnant women with 1,400 being born outside of Canada.» (p. 1640)

Instruments :
Questionnaires

Type de traitement des données :
Analyse statistique

3. Résumé

«Our study reveals important health inequalities between Canadian-born and immigrant pregnant women. These could be addressed by reducing the existing differential exposure and vulnerabilities to contextual risk factors that increase the likelihood of depression in these women. A complex interplay of interpersonal, social, and cultural factors influences the likelihood of depression in childbearing women. More importantly, immigrant women face multiple challenges related to the experience of migration, highlighted by ethnic and cultural differences. This population is potentially exposed to a series of barriers and stressors related to resettlement and may be more likely to experience poor health. Using the differential exposure and vulnerability approach, our study reveals that immigrant women are significantly more exposed than Canadian-born women to adverse contextual risk factors such as high marital strain, lack of social support, poverty, and crowding, and this exposure is independent of the time since immigration. Particularly, women who have been living in Canada since 3–8 years were the most exposed to marital strain and lack of emotional and instrumental help, whereas newly arrived immigrants were most exposed to crowded living conditions and adverse life events. Independently of time since immigration, immigrants must deal with multiple individual and structural challenges that include identity crises, roles changes, conflicts with cultural expectations and social isolation/exclusion. Facing adverse life events at the beginning of the settlement and crowded living conditions in our study just highlighted these known challenges.» (p. 1642-1643)